Thymosin Alpha-1
Thymosin alpha-1 dosing, immune modulation mechanism, side effects, and clinical evidence. Complete reference guide.
Overview
Thymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1) is a naturally occurring 28-amino acid thymic peptide that modulates immune function. Approved in 35+ countries as Zadaxin for chronic hepatitis B; used off-label in the US for immune support.
Mechanism of Action
- T-cell maturation — Promotes differentiation and maturation of T-cells
- Dendritic cell activation — Enhances antigen presentation
- NK cell enhancement — Boosts natural killer cell activity
- Antiviral activity — Potentiates interferon response
- Anti-tumor — Immunomodulatory effects in oncology settings
Dosing Protocols
| Protocol | Dose | Frequency | Route | |----------|------|-----------|-------| | Immune support | 1.6mg | Twice weekly | Subcutaneous | | Hepatitis B (approved) | 1.6mg | Twice weekly (26 weeks) | Subcutaneous | | Acute illness | 1.6mg | Daily (5-7 days) | Subcutaneous |
Safety Profile
Extensive clinical data. Approved in 35+ countries. Very well tolerated. Minimal side effects — occasional injection site reactions.
Last updated: 2026-03-27